{"id":5001,"date":"2021-12-17T23:00:05","date_gmt":"2021-12-18T07:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xh86.me\/?p=5001"},"modified":"2021-12-18T17:38:55","modified_gmt":"2021-12-19T01:38:55","slug":"%e9%ab%98%e9%a2%91%e7%9a%8425%e4%b8%aaospf%e9%97%ae%e7%ad%94%ef%bc%8c%e8%83%bd%e5%85%a8%e9%83%a8%e7%ad%94%e5%87%ba%e6%9d%a5%ef%bc%8c%e6%88%91%e6%8a%8a%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e5%99%a8%e5%90%83%e4%ba%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xh86.me\/?p=5001","title":{"rendered":"\u9ad8\u9891\u768425\u4e2aOSPF\u95ee\u7b54\uff0c\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u7b54\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u628a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5403\u4e86\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u8fd925\u4e2aOSPF\u95ee\u7b54\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u8bf4\u9519\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6279\u8bc4\u6307\u6b63\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f\uff01<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

1\u3001\u4f60\u77e5\u9053OSPF\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

OSPF\u662fOpen Shortest Path First\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u91c7\u7528Dijkstra’s\u7684SPF\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5728OSPF\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539router id\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5f53OSPF\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u90bb\u5c45\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48OSPF \u7684router id \u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u968f\u4fbf\u4fee\u6539\u3002OSPF \u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539router id\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542fOSPF\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4clear IP OSPF process\u8fd9\u6837\u65b0\u7684router id\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u4f60\u77e5\u9053OSPF\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n
    \u652f\u6301\u7b49\u4ef7\u8def\u7531<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u662f\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\uff1a89<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    ospf\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e26\u5bbd<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u7248\u672c\u6709\uff1aRFC2328 (OSPFv2), RFC2740 (OSPFv3\/IPv6)<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    4\u3001OSPF\u72b6\u6001\u4ece\u90bb\u5c45\u5230\u90bb\u63a5\u53d8\u5316\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n
      \n
    • \n
      LSR\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u3001LSU\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n
      \u5f62\u6210two-way\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n
      \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63cf\u8ff0\u5305\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n
      \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540c\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e24\u53f0Router\u5f62\u6210\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      5\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0cOSPF\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b4\u79cd\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

      4\u79cd\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n
        Autonomous System Boundary Routers = \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6AS\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aASBR\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n
        Internal Routers = OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u4e3aIR,\u57df\u5185\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n
        Area Border Routers = OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\u81f3\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u8fde\u63a5\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aABR \u533a\u57df\u8fb9\u754c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n
        Backbone Routers = OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u9aa8\u5e72\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        6\u3001OSPF\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

        OSPF \u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6839\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u3002OSPF \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u652f\u6301 VLSM \u548c CIDR \u7684\u65e0\u7c7b\u8def\u7531\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002OSPF \u7ba1\u7406\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a 110\u3002\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u8df3\u6570\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u65e0\u9650\u8df3\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

        7\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0bOSPF\u8fd0\u884c\u7279\u70b9\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

        OSPF \u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u901a\u544a\u901a\u544a\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\uff0cOSPF \u4f1a\u901a\u77e5\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u589e\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>\u3002LSA \u6bcf 30 \u5206\u949f\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002OSPF \u4f7f\u7528 Dijkstra Shortest path First \u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

        8\u3001\u57df\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u54ea\u4e2aLSA\uff1f\u5728OSPF\u4e2d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2aLSA\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\uff1fh<\/span><\/h2>\n

        3\u7c7bLSA\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u57df\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c4\u7c7b\u30015\u7c7bLSA\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

        9\u3001\u5728OSPF\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

        \u4e0d\u80fd, \u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 OSPF \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u5c06\u8def\u7531\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u8f6c\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

        10\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0bOSPF\u6c47\u603b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u597d\u5904?<\/span><\/h2>\n

        \u4e3b\u8981\u597d\u5904\u5982\u4e0b\uff1aThe advantages of using OSPF summarization are:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          \u6700\u5927\u5316\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u8def\u7531\u8868\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d88\u8017\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          \u51cf\u5c11OSPF\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d88\u8017\uff1b<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          \u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u6d88\u8017.<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          11\u3001\u5728OSPF\u4e2dDR\u548cBDR\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

          \u5728OSPF\u4e2d\u7684BDR \u548c DR \u89e3\u51b32\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a:<\/p>\n

          \u51cf\u5c11\u8fc7\u591a\u7684LSA\u6cdb\u6d2a\uff1b<\/p>\n

          \u51cf\u5c11\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

          12\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u4f20\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

          OSPF\u9700\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u7684LSA\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u6536\u5230\u4e86\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u9001LSA\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u3002\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u4f20\u95f4\u9694\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u91cd\u4f20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 IP OSPF retransmit-interval \u6765\u4fee\u6539 retransmit-interval\u3002<\/p>\n

          13\u3001OSPF\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

          OSPF\u90bb\u63a5\u662f\u6307\u4e24\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u4ea4\u6362DBD\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5efa\u7acb\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6362LSA\u5373\u5f62\u6210\u90bb\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

          14\u3001\u8bf4\u8bf4OSPF\u7684\u4e94\u79cd\u62a5\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

          \u4e94\u79cd\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n
            HELLO<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            DBD<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            LSU<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            LSR<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            LSack<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            15\u3001\u8bf7\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6eOSPF\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u63a9\u7801?<\/span><\/h2>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u643a\u5e26\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5ba3\u544a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5ba3\u544a\u4e3b\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

            16\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684LSA\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b?<\/span><\/h2>\n

            \u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5982\u4e0bLSA\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n
              External LSA<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              Network LSA<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              ASBR Summary LSA<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              Network summary LSA<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              Router LSA<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              17\u3001OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6539\u4e3a0\uff0c\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

              \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a0\u7684OSPF\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0eDR\u548cBDR\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n

              18\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e0bOSPF \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668?<\/span><\/h2>\n
                \n
              • \n
                Dead Interval: \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u4e45\u540e\u6ca1\u6536\u5230hello\u62a5\u6587\u5c31\u5ba3\u544a\u90bb\u5c45\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86.<\/section>\n<\/li>\n
              • \n
                Hello Interval: \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6bcf\u9694\u591a\u4e45\u5411\u90bb\u5c45\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21hello\u62a5\u6587.<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                19\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\u7684OSPF\uff0c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u80fd\u5417?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                \u53ef\u4ee5, \u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u533a\u57df\u5185\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u65e0\u6cd5\u8de8\u57df\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

                20\u3001OSPF \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                OSPF \u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f 224.0.0.5 \u548c 224.0.0.6.<\/p>\n

                21\u3001GRE\u96a7\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1OSPF\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n

                \u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0cGRE\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5ba3\u544a\u5230OSPF\uff0c\u5373GRE\u4e0a\u8dd1OSPF\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

                22\u3001Max age\u6709\u4e86\u89e3\u8fc7\u5417\uff1f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                LSA\u7684Max-Age\u662f1\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6765\u8861\u91cfLSA\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u671f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

                23\u3001area 0\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u5417?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                \u662f\u554a\uff0c\u533a\u57df0\u662f\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8981\u57df\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9aa8\u5e72\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

                24\u3001OSPF Router ID\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                OSPF Router ID \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u4e0d\u540c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a32bit\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

                25\u3001\u6839\u636eOSPF\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/span><\/h2>\n

                OSPF \u4f7f\u7528 Dijkstra\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u901a\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c31\u662f\u9762\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8eOSPF\u5e38\u88ab\u63d0\u95ee\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u4f9b\u60a8\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u7387\uff01<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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