步骤	操作
	VDA或模板机上运行CitrixOptimizer.exe，选择对应Windows 10版本的模板
	点Analyze，分析当前系统待优化的项目
	分析结果
	点View results看分析结果
	可直接点Optimize执行所有建议的优化项，也可以勾选特定的优化项执行优化
	等待优化优化结束，查看优化结果
	如果发现执行优化后，Win10工作不正常，可在执行CitrixOptimizer目录中的PowerShell脚本CtxOptimizerEngine.ps1回滚前一步的优化操作。注意，脚本参数需要正确选择前一次优化操作执行后生成的Execute_History.xml文件

Citrix Optimizer – Windows Server 2016

步骤	操作
	VDA或模板机上运行CitrixOptimizer.exe，选择对应Windows 2016版本的模板
	点Analyze，分析当前系统待优化的项目
	分析结果
	点View results看分析结果
	可直接点Optimize执行所有建议的优化项，也可以勾选特定的优化项执行优化
	等待优化优化结束，查看优化结果
	如果发现执行优化后，Win 2016工作不正常，可在执行CitrixOptimizer目录中的PowerShell脚本CtxOptimizerEngine.ps1回滚前一步的优化操作。注意，脚本参数需要正确选择前一次优化操作执行后生成的Execute_History.xml文件

Windows 10优化内容

步骤

操作

优化默认应用。

Windows 10带有一些自动启动的Appx应用，即使用户未运行，这些应用也会消耗一些系统资源。

可以使用PowerShell命令列出所有Windows 10自带App应用

Get-ProvisionedAppXPackage -Online|Select DisplayName,PackageName

可以使用PowerShell命令去除这些App应用

Remove-ProvisionedAppxPackage -Online -PackageName PackageName

粗斜体PackageName即为前面查询命令获得的App包名称

注意：移除Appx软件包，可能会影响用户体验，请经过调研后对Appx清单进行评估。移除仅对新用户有效，如果需要从镜像彻底移除这些App，需要使用Windows ADK。

建议去除的Appx：

Microsoft.3DBuilder
Microsoft.Getstarted
Microsoft.MicrosoftOfficeHub
Microsoft.MicrosoftSolitaireCollection
Microsoft.People
Microsoft.SkypeApp
Microsoft.WindowsCommunicationsApps (Mail & Calendar)
Microsoft.XboxApp
Microsoft.ZuneMusic
Microsoft.ZuneVideo

视情况是否去除的Appx：

Microsoft.BingFinance
Microsoft.BingNews
Microsoft.BingSports
Microsoft.BingWeather
Microsoft.Office.OneNote
Microsoft.Windows.Photos
Microsoft.WindowsCamera
Microsoft.WindowsMaps
Microsoft.WindowsPhone
Microsoft.WindowsSoundRecorder

建议保留的Appx：

Microsoft.Appconnector
Microsoft.WindowsAlarms
Microsoft.WindowsCalculator

如未出现在上述清单中的Appx，请自行评估。

优化服务

Windows会运行很多服务，有些服务在虚拟化场景未必需要，可以对服务进行调整。

视情况可以停止并禁止的服务有：

Service Name	Default State	Default Status	Notes
Background Intelligent Transfer Service	Automatic (Delayed Start)	Running	Set default state to “Manual” as 3rd party software might require the service.
Diagnostic Policy Services	Automatic	Running
Diagnostic Service Host	Manual	Running
Diagnostic System Host	Manual	Running
Diagnostics Tracking Service	Automatic	Running
Function Discovery Provider Host	Manual	Running
Function Discovery Resource Publication	Manual	Running
Home Group Provider	Manual (Trigger Start)	Running	Not used in VDI environment
Security Center	Automatic (Delayed Start)	Running
Shell Hardware Detection Service	Automatic	Running	Supports AutoPlay, which is not typically used in VDI.
SSDP Discovery	Manual	Running	Not typically used in corporate environments.
SuperFetch	Automatic	Running	Can enable for dedicated desktops
Themes	Automatic	Running	This will impact the user experience
Windows Connect Now – Config Registrar Service	Manual	Running	Not required in VDI
Windows Search	Automatic (Delayed Start)	Running	Consider disabling. Will have a high impact on server density.

视情况默认停止可以禁止的服务：

Service Name	Default State	Default Status	Notes
AllJoyn Router	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
Application Layer Gateway Service	Manual	Stopped	Not needed for VDI environments.
BitLocker Drive Encryption Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped	Drive encryption not typically used in VDI environments.
Block Level Backup Engine Service	Manual	Stopped	Windows backup not typically used in VDI.
Bluetooth Hands free Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI.
Bluetooth Support Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
BranchCache Service	Manual	Stopped	Used for network savings to a WAN and not typically needed in VDI
Computer Browser Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
Encrypting File System Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
Fax Service	Manual	Stopped
Home Group Listener	Manual	Stopped	Not used within corporate environments.
Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)	Manual	Stopped	Not used within VDI environments.
Offline Files	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
Optimize Drives	Manual	Stopped	Should only optimize in the master image
Retail Demo	Manual	Stopped
Sensor Monitoring Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped
UPnP Device Host Service	Manual	Stopped
Windows Error Reporting Service	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped	Disable if logs are not being gathered and analyzed
Windows Media Player Network Sharing	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.
Windows Update	Manual (Trigger Start)	Stopped	Only update the master image.
WLAN AutoConfig	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.
WWAN AutoConfig	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.
Xbox Live Auth Manager	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.
Xbox Live Game Save	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.
Xbox Live Networking Service	Manual	Stopped	Not typically used in VDI environments.

建议使用组策略进行服务的集中管理

计划任务

Windows运行了大量的计划任务以实现自动化的运行。可以使用命令行来查看当前的计划任务及其状态。

Get-ScheduledTask | Select TaskName,State

对于虚拟化环境不需要的计划任务，可以使用命令行进行禁用。请注意，以下为服务禁用参考，请安装实际环境需求进行调整，如果不确定计划任务的作用，请保留原状

Microsoft Customer Experience Program
Tasks	Description
Application Experience \ Appraiser	Aggregates and uploads Application Telemetry information if opted-in to the Microsoft Customer Experience Improvement Program.
Application Experience \ ProgramDataUpdater	Collects program telemetry information if opted-in to the Microsoft Customer Experience Improvement Program
AutoCHK \ Proxy	This task collects and uploads autochk SQM data if opted-in to the Microsoft Customer Experience Improvement Program.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \Consolidator	If the user has consented to participate in the Windows Customer Experience Improvement Program, this job collects and sends usage data to Microsoft.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \KernelCeipTask	The Kernel CEIP (Customer Experience Improvement Program) task collects additional information about the system and sends this data to Microsoft. If the user has not consented to participate in Windows CEIP, this task does nothing.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \Uploader	This job sends data about windows based on user participation in the Windows Customer Experience Improvement Program
Customer Experience Improvement Program \UsbCeip	The USB CEIP (Customer Experience Improvement Program) task collects Universal Serial Bus related statistics and information about your machine and sends to the Windows Device Connectivity engineering group at Microsoft. The information received is used to help improve the reliability, stability, and overall functionality of USB in Windows. If the user has not consented to participate in Windows CEIP, this task does not do anything.
Safety
Tasks	Description
Shell \ FamilySafetyMonitor	Initializes Family Safety monitoring and enforcement.
Shell \ FamilySafetyRefresh	Synchronizes the latest settings with the Family Safety website.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender CacheMaintenance	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender CacheMaintenance	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender Cleanup	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows DefenderScheduled Scan	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows DefenderVerification	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Filtering Platform \BfeOnServiceStartTypeChange	This task adjusts the start type for firewall-triggered services when the start type of the Base Filtering Engine (BFE) is disabled.
Maintenance \ Optimization \ Protection
Tasks	Description
Application Experience \ StartupAppTask	Scans startup entries and raises notification to the user if there are too many startup entries.
CHKDSK \ Proactive Scan	NTFS Volume Health Scan
Diagnosis \ Scheduled	The Windows Scheduled Maintenance Task performs periodic maintenance of the computer system by fixing problems automatically or reporting them through the Action Center.
DiskDiagnostic \ Microsoft-Windows-DiskDiagnosticDataCollector	The Windows Disk Diagnostic reports general disk and system information to Microsoft for users participating in the Customer Experience Program.
DiskDiagnostic \ Microsoft-Windows-DiskDiagnosticResolver	This task warns users about faults that occur on disks that support Self-Monitoring and Reporting Technology
Defrag \ ScheduledDefrag	This task optimizes local storage drives
FileHistory \ File History	Protects user files from accidental loss by copying them to a backup location when the system is unattended
Maintenance \ WinSAT	Measures a system’s performance and capabilities
MemoryDiagnostic \ ProcessMemoryDiagnosticEvents	Schedules a memory diagnostic in response to system events.
MemoryDiagnostic \ RunFullMemoryDiagnostic	Detects and mitigates problems in physical memory (RAM).
Power Efficiency Diagnostics \ AnalyzeSystem	This task analyzes the system looking for conditions that may cause high energy use.
RecoveryEnvironment \ VerifyWinRE	Validates the Windows Recovery Environment.
Registry \ RegIdleBackup	Registry Idle Backup Task
SystemRestore \ SR	This task creates regular system protection points.
WDI \ ResolutionHost	The Windows Diagnostic Infrastructure Resolution host enables interactive resolutions for system problems detected by the Diagnostic Policy Service. It is triggered when necessary by the Diagnostic Policy Service in the appropriate user session. If the Diagnostic Policy Service is not running, the task will not run

用户界面

虚拟化环境可以禁用例如屏保等用户界面相关的设置，获得更好的系统性能

以下可以通过注册表来进行设置

Optimization

Configuration

Disable default system Screensaver

HKEY_USERS\.DEFAULT\ControlPanel\Desktop

“ScreenSaveActive”=dword: 00000000

Disable the Windows 10 First

Logon Animation

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System]

“EnableFirstLogonAnimation”=dword:00000000

Hide Hard Error Messages

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Windows]

“ErrorMode”=dword:00000002

Settings “Visual Effects to Custom”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\VisualEffects]

“VisualFXSetting”=dword:00000003

Disable “Show translucent selection rectangle”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced]

“ListviewAlphaSelect”=dword:00000000

Disable “Show shadows under windows”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced]

“ListviewShadow”=dword:00000000

Disable “Animate windows when minimizing and maximizing”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ControlPanel\Desktop\WindowMetrics]

“MinAnimate”=”0”

Disable “Animations in the taskbar”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced]

“TaskbarAnimations”=dword:00000000

Disable “Enable Peek”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\DWM]

“EnableAeroPeek”=dword:00000000

Disable “Save Taskbar Thumbnail Previews”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\DWM]

“AlwaysHibernateThumbnails”=dword:00000000

Disable “Smooth edges of screen fonts”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop]

“FontSmoothing”=”0”

Disable the rest of the visual effects

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop\]

“UserPreferencesMask”=RegBin: “90,12,01,80”

Disable cursor blink rate

Disable “Cursor blink”

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop]

“CursorBlinkRate”=”-1″

Disable Internet Explorer First Run

Wizard

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\InternetExplorer\Main]

“DisableFirstRunCustomize”=dword:00000001

Reduce menu show delay

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ControlPanel\Desktop]

MenuShowDelay”, “0”

运行优化

对于虚拟机无需使用休眠功能，池化桌面也不需要创建内存Dump等功能，因此可以将相关配置进行禁用。

禁用休眠可以使用命令行

powercfg -h off

修改以下注册表以实现优化

Optimization

Configuration

Disable NTFS Last Access Timestamps

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem]

“NtfsDisableLastAccessUpdate”=dword:00000001

Disable Memory Dump Creation

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\CrashControl]

“CrashDumpEnabled”=dword:00000000

“LogEvent”=dword:00000000

“SendAlert”=dword:00000000

Disable default system Screensaver

HKEY_USERS\.DEFAULT\ControlPanel\Desktop

“ScreenSaveActive”=dword: 00000000

Disable Background Disk Defragmentation

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Dfrg\BootOptimizeFunction]

“Enable”=”N”

Disable Background Auto-Layout

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\OptimalLayout]

“EnableAutoLayout”=dword:00000000

Disable the Windows 10 First

Logon Animation

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System]

“EnableFirstLogonAnimation”=dword:00000000

Increase Disk I/O Timeout to 200

seconds

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Disk]

“TimeOutValue”=dword:000000C8

请注意，修改注册表可能导致系统异常，请一定先做好备份。

发布优化

镜像发布前还需要对系统做最后的优化，主要有：

更新优化
1. Windows更新

池化桌面建议关闭Windows更新，由镜像模板进行统一的更新。建议在制作镜像时，至少包含截止当时的所有危急和重要Windows更新。

独占桌面建议使用WSUS进行统一的策略更新。

1. 应用更新

一些应用例如Adobe的Flash、Java等，也会后台自动检测和更新，建议禁用自动更新，使用镜像模板进行统一的更新。

防病毒定义库

优先使用支持XenServer直接内存扫描的防病毒产品，实现虚拟化杀毒。

如果使用安装在虚拟机中的防病毒产品，排除VDA相关的扫描并规划好防病毒定义的更新批次和时间

磁盘优化

对磁盘进行系统级别的清理，然后进行碎片整理。

Windows Server 2016优化内容

步骤

操作

优化默认应用。

Windows Server 2016默认不安装用户APP，因此无需清理。

优化服务

如果不需要提供类Windows 10的用户体验，可以禁用主题服务

Service Name

Default State

Default Status

Hosted Apps Workloads

Hosted Desktop Workloads

Themes

Automatic

Running

Disable

Enable – better user experience

Disable – better server density

计划任务

Windows运行了大量的计划任务以实现自动化的运行。可以使用命令行来查看当前的计划任务及其状态。

Get-ScheduledTask | Select TaskName,State

Scheduled Tasks – Applications
Tasks	Description
Application Experience \ Microsoft Compatibility Appraiser	Helps resolve application compatibility challenges.
Application Experience \ StartupTask	Determines if there are too many startup entries and then notifies the user
Scheduled Tasks – Microsoft Customer Experience Program
Tasks	Description
AutoCHK \ Proxy	This task collects and uploads autochk SQM data if opted-in to the Microsoft Customer Experience Improvement Program.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \Consolidator	If the user has consented to participate in the Windows Customer Experience Improvement Program, this job collects and sends usage data to Microsoft.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \KernelCeipTask	The Kernel CEIP (Customer Experience Improvement Program) task collects additional information about the system and sends this data to Microsoft. If the user has not consented to participate in Windows CEIP, this task does nothing.
Customer Experience Improvement Program \UsbCeip	The USB CEIP (Customer Experience Improvement Program) task collects Universal Serial Bus related statistics and information about your machine and sends to the Windows Device Connectivity engineering group at Microsoft. The information received is used to help improve the reliability, stability, and overall functionality of USB in Windows. If the user has not consented to participate in Windows CEIP, this task does not do anything.
Scheduled Tasks – Safety
Tasks	Description
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender Cache Maintenance	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender Cleanup	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender Scheduled Scan	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Defender \ Windows Defender Verification	Can be disabled in case an alternative virus and malware protection has been implemented.
Windows Filtering Platform \BfeOnServiceStartTypeChange	This task adjusts the start type for firewall-triggered services when the start type of the Base Filtering Engine (BFE) is disabled.
Scheduled Tasks – Maintenance
Tasks	Description
CHKDSK \ Proactive Scan	NTFS Volume Health Scan
Diagnosis \ Scheduled	The Windows Scheduled Maintenance Task performs periodic maintenance of the computer system by fixing problems automatically or reporting them through the Action Center.
DiskDiagnostic \ Microsoft-Windows-DiskDiagnosticDataCollector	The Windows Disk Diagnostic reports general disk and system information to Microsoft for users participating in the Customer Experience Program.
Maintenance \ WinSAT	Measures a system’s performance and capabilities
Power Efficiency Diagnostics \ AnalyzeSystem	This task analyzes the system looking for conditions that may cause high energy use.
RecoveryEnvironment \ VerifyWinRE	Validates the Windows Recovery Environment.
Registry \ RegIdleBackup	Registry Idle Backup Task
Scheduled Tasks –General
Tasks	Description
Mobile Broadband Accounts / MNO Metadata Parser	Parses information related to mobile broadband users
Power Efficiency Diagnostics \ AnalyzeSystem	This task analyzes the system looking for conditions that may cause high energy use.
RAS / MobilityManager	Provides support for the switching of mobility enabled VPN connections if their underlying interface goes down.
Shell / IndexerAutomaticMaintenance	Maintains the search index
WDI \ ResolutionHost	The Windows Diagnostic Infrastructure Resolution host enables interactive resolutions for system problems detected by the Diagnostic Policy Service. It is triggered when necessary by the Diagnostic Policy Service in the appropriate user session. If the Diagnostic Policy Service is not running, the task will not run

用户界面

虚拟化环境可以禁用例如屏保等用户界面相关的设置，获得更好的系统性能

以下可以通过注册表来进行设置

Optimization	Configuration
Disable default system Screensaver	HKEY_USERS\.DEFAULT\ControlPanel\Desktop “ScreenSaveActive”=dword: 00000000
Hide Hard Error Messages	[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Windows] “ErrorMode”=dword:00000002
Settings “Visual Effects to Custom”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\VisualEffects] “VisualFXSetting”=dword:00000003
Disable “Show translucent selection rectangle”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced] “ListviewAlphaSelect”=dword:00000000
Disable “Show shadows under windows”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced] “ListviewShadow”=dword:00000000
Disable “Animate windows when minimizing and maximizing”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ControlPanel\Desktop\WindowMetrics] “MinAnimate”=”0”
Disable “Animations in the taskbar”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced] “TaskbarAnimations”=dword:00000000
Disable “Enable Peek”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\DWM] “EnableAeroPeek”=dword:00000000
Disable “Save Taskbar Thumbnail Previews”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\DWM] “AlwaysHibernateThumbnails”=dword:00000000
Disable “Smooth edges of screen fonts”	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop] “FontSmoothing”=”0”
Disable the rest of the visual effects	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop\] “UserPreferencesMask”=RegBin: “90,12,03,80,10,00,00,00”
Disable cursor blink rate	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel\Desktop] “CursorBlinkRate”=”-1″
Disable Internet Explorer First Run Wizard	[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\InternetExplorer\Main] “DisableFirstRunCustomize”=dword:00000001
Reduce menu show delay	[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ControlPanel\Desktop] MenuShowDelay”, “0”

运行优化

对于虚拟机无需使用休眠功能，池化桌面也不需要创建内存Dump等功能，因此可以将相关配置进行禁用。

禁用休眠可以使用命令行

powercfg -h off

修改以下注册表以实现优化

Optimization	Configuration
Disable NTFS Last Access Timestamps	[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem] “NtfsDisableLastAccessUpdate”=dword:00000001
Disable Memory Dump Creation	[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\CrashControl] “CrashDumpEnabled”=dword:00000000 “LogEvent”=dword:00000000 “SendAlert”=dword:00000000
Increase Disk I/O Timeout to 200 Seconds	[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Disk] “TimeOutValue”=dword:000000C8

请注意，修改注册表可能导致系统异常，请一定先做好备份。

发布优化

镜像发布前还需要对系统做最后的优化，主要有：

更新优化
1. Windows更新

池化桌面建议关闭Windows更新，由镜像模板进行统一的更新。建议在制作镜像时，至少包含截止当时的所有危急和重要Windows更新。

独占桌面建议使用WSUS进行统一的策略更新。

1. 应用更新

一些应用例如Adobe的Flash、Java等，也会后台自动检测和更新，建议禁用自动更新，使用镜像模板进行统一的更新。

防病毒定义库

优先使用支持XenServer直接内存扫描的防病毒产品，实现虚拟化杀毒。

如果使用安装在虚拟机中的防病毒产品，排除VDA相关的扫描并规划好防病毒定义的更新批次和时间

磁盘优化

对磁盘进行系统级别的清理，然后进行碎片整理。

常用工具

PortQry_UI

PortQry 是微软提供的进行端口查询的命令行工具，PortQry_UI是使用该工具的具有用户界面的版本。利用该工具能够快速进行端口测试。不同于telnet方式连接端口，该工具在连接端口时，会按照端口用处对端口进行例如查询等操作，确认端口承载服务是否正常。

此外，该工具可预先定义一组端口，一键测试。例如使用Client Join Domain这一组端口，就能够诊断测试机器到域控制器通信是否正常。

对于正常的访问，端口查询会返回0或0x00000000，如果出现问题，可针对无法通信的端口进行诊断。

LDP

LDP工具用于进行LDAP查询。由于虚拟桌面/虚拟应用依赖AD活动目录完成计算机/用户的账号及验证，因此经常需要检测AD活动目录是否正常工作。AD中很多查询基于LDAP，因此使用该工具能够快速验证LDAP查询是否正常。例如在使用NetScaler作为网关时，需要确认NetScaler集成AD验证是否正常，即可在NetScaler相同网络使用该工具测试。

输入DC域控制器的FQDN或者IP，即可测试LDAP服务。

除此之外，该工具还可绑定AD用户凭据，对AD执行LDAP语法的查询，也可以进行树状浏览。

使用LDAP过滤语法进行进阶搜索可参考：

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa996205(v=exchg.65).aspx

ADExplorer

该工具包含在微软SysInternals工具包中，提供对AD对象的进阶查询、修改和删除等操作。

以确认计算机账号密码修改为例，可以在对应计算机对象上查看具体属性，而这些属性在Windows活动目录管理控制台中是无法直接查看的。而使用ADExplorer就可以直观的查看所有的AD对象属性。下图显示的例子，是Linux系统加入域后计算机账号密码修改的时间。与klist命令结合就能够判断计算机账号的密码是否自动同步了。

该信息也可以诊断VDA未注册时是否由计算机账号密码不同步导致问题。

该工具非常强大，因此修改属性时一定要仔细小心。

ProcMon

ProcMon也是SysInternals工具集中的强大工具，全称是Process Monitor。顾名思义，是对进程行为进行监控的工具。

处理一些冲突或者VDA、Receiver驱动被异常删除的时候，可以借助这个工具观察特定位置文件操作或注册表操作等。

BGInfo

BGInfo是SysInternals工具包中的一个常用工具。管理大量桌面时，很多信息管理员希望一目了然，例如当前桌面分配的IP地址属性等等。

BGInfo可以把这些信息嵌入桌面墙纸，不用打开网络属性等也能直接看到信息。

USBDeview

对虚拟桌面进行外设重定向时，特别是通用USB设备重定向，需要启用USB重定向允许禁止策略时，需要了解USB设备的VID、PID、Class、SubClass等信息。

同时，也需要直观的看到对应的USB设备是否连接到终端本地、是否映射进虚拟桌面。USBDeview可以帮助直观的看到系统所有的USB设备信息和状态。

Twacker

对扫描仪等使用TWAIN协议进行映射的外设，可以使用Twacker进行快速地验证。

使用该工具，无需安装完整的应用，即可验证TWAIN设备是否在虚拟桌面中正常工作。

AMCap

对于摄像头重定向，测试时未必需要安装应用来验证摄像头是否工作，可以通过AMCap快速验证USB或集成摄像头的映射，尤其可以用于检验Webcam重定向 (Helios)是否正常工作。

性能监视器

对于桌面调优，性能计数器是不可或缺的工具。操作系统自带性能计数器程序，可以方便的自行添加需要监控的性能指标，例如桌面性能分析常见的物理内存、可用内存，处理器时间、进程等待时间，磁盘平均队列长度、IOPS等。

除此之外，还可对监控的指标进行数据收集，便于在一段时间内收集性能数据，后期做进一步的分析。

系统预定义的系统诊断数据收集器，可以收集系统性能及配置数据，便于分析系统问题。

GPUZ

这个小工具原本用于识别GPU型号及性能。由于系统自带的性能计数器没有GPU计数器，因此可以使用该工具的LOG功能，记录一段时间内GPU的有关使用数据，便于对照分析。

IOMeter

IOMeter是常用的测试IOPS的工具。对于采用PVS内存缓存溢出到磁盘技术的虚拟机，可以使用该工具测试能够获取到的IOPS优化情况。可从以下地址下载：

https://sourceforge.net/projects/iometer/

可以修改worker的数量，需要指定磁盘读写模式。可按照场景选择例如 4KB 50%读50%写 10%随机等不同磁盘访问方式进行测试。

Linux下使用IOMeter，需要配合Dynamo。从终端运行Dynamo：

dynamo -i IOMETER_HOST -n IOMETER_MANAGER_NAME -m DYNAMO_HOST_NAME

IOMETER_HOST 是运行IOMeter的Windows机器名称或IP地址；

IOMETER_MANAGER_NAME 是IOMeter中manager的名称；

DYNAMO_HOST_NAME 是运行Dynamo的Linux机器名称或IP地址；

在Windows系统中查看IOMeter上创建了以上命令行的manager即可开始测试。

Remote Display Analyzer

Remote Display Analyzer运行在VDA中，可以实时显示和桌面显示相关的各种信息，包括：显示模式、视频编码器使用模式、传输层协议、视觉质量、帧率、视频编码方式、硬件编码启用、CPU/内存/显卡利用率、实时带宽占用、网路延迟、ICA RTT等。无论对于是否启用了图形虚拟化的场景，都可帮助运维人员快速了解和远程协议、桌面显示相关的各方面情况。